Author name: Andrew Walding

Andrew Walding is the founder and president of CellStream, Inc., bringing more than 30 years of experience in telecommunications, broadband networking, Internet technologies, and technical education. His expertise spans network engineering, wireless and wireline communications, packet analysis, network operations, emerging technologies, and the design and delivery of advanced technical training programs. A Cisco-certified professional, IPv6-certified specialist, and CBRS Certified Professional Installer (CPI), he helps organizations and technology professionals understand, deploy, troubleshoot, and optimize modern communications networks.

OSPF Lab Series Now Available

Post Views: 354 Network Engineers and folks learning networking – my OSPF Lab series is now available – you will find them here. There are three Labs that include GNS3 topologies, and PCAPS to emulate and capture these awesome labs: We have also begun our BGP series as well with new labs coming each week.

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OSPF Specifications – A Complete Library

Post Views: 396 Open Shortest Path First, or OSPF, is a dynamic routing protocol used by routers to exchange information about available IPv4 and IPv6 networks. It is classified as a link-state Interior Gateway Protocol, meaning it is designed to operate within a single organization or autonomous system. OSPF allows routers to automatically learn the

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Our Comprehensive Wi-Fi Troubleshooting Guide

Post Views: 2,639 Hi everyone! As many of you who have attended my conference presentations and Wi-Fi classes know, I spend time talking about the correct way of troubleshooting Wi-Fi networks. **********JUST UPDATED************* Power cycling or rebooting is NOT a first step. Here’s why: lets say you are having issues of some kind (slow speed,

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Net Neutrality Versus Intelligent Traffic Differentiation: Fairness, Performance, or Both?

Post Views: 485 The phrase net neutrality is often summarized as the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally. That definition is appealing, but technically lacking and incomplete. Modern networks do not—and often should not—treat every packet identically. The subject itself is not new around here and you can view my other posts

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AI-Controlled and Autonomous Networks: Efficiency Breakthrough or Unacceptable Operational Risk?

Post Views: 663 For decades, network automation meant converting a human-designed, generally manual, memorized or scripted procedure into a repeatable process. An engineer decided what should happen, defined the required steps, tested the process, and authorized the “automation” to execute those steps. The automation might provision a VLAN, update a routing policy, restart a failed

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End-to-End Encryption: A Privacy Victory or a Networking Blind Spot?

Post Views: 588 TLS 1.3, QUIC, HTTP/3, encrypted DNS, and Encrypted Client Hello increasingly conceal application and transport information that network operators traditionally used for troubleshooting, security inspection, filtering, performance optimization, and policy enforcement. Here is a little reference chart: This produces two defensible but conflicting positions: For most of the Internet’s history, and certainly

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What is MPTS? Plus a hands-on Lab

Post Views: 514 MPTS stands for Multi-Program Transport Stream. It is a format defined within MPEG-2 Transport Stream (MPEG-TS) standards where multiple independent programs (channels) are multiplexed into a single transport stream. A simple definition would be one MPTS carries multiple programs with each program containing a complete service of video plus audio plus metadata.

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It’s Early Days – but what is Wi-Fi 8?

Post Views: 1,030 Wi-Fi 8 is the informal market name for IEEE 802.11bn, currently being developed as the next major Wi-Fi generation after Wi-Fi 7. Its technical theme is UHR — Ultra High Reliability. Unlike earlier Wi-Fi generations that mainly advertised higher peak speeds, Wi-Fi 8 is aimed at making Wi-Fi more consistent, predictable, and

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What consulting services does CellStream Provide?

Post Views: 1,313 Sometimes you need more than another vendor presentation, another product data sheet, or another search through the Internet. You need someone who understands the technology, understands the operational environment, and can help you determine what is actually happening and what you should do next. That is where CellStream consulting comes in. Since

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What is the Starlink Operational Model?

Post Views: 4,558 For many broadband folks, this is a question that you need to know the answer to. So let’s answer in a picture and with supporting data. Well, let’s just say this is as best as one can determine. Naturally there is an intellectual property barrier to what Starlink/SpaceX has and is developing.

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CSI-OL-009 – Integrating AI Into the Broadband Technician Role

Post Views: 586 Practical ChatGPT Skills for Troubleshooting, Wi-Fi, Packet Analysis, Safety, Documentation, and Customer Communication 2-Day Instructor-Led Hands-On CourseClick Here to go to our Service Provider Courses. Course Description Artificial Intelligence is rapidly becoming another tool available to broadband technicians—but knowing how to use AI effectively, safely, and responsibly is a skill in itself.

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Wireshark Troubleshooting Workflow

Post Views: 538 Do not troubleshoot Wireshark captures by chasing random red and black packets. Start with triage, classify the traffic, branch into the correct protocol workflow, and then prove the finding with packet evidence. The following is a shortened version of our structured “Triage → Classify → Branch → Prove” Wireshark troubleshooting workflow built

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Configuring Windows Firewall Rules using netsh

Post Views: 28,646 Windows Firewall allows you to control the traffic entering and leaving your system through various rules. You can create and configure firewall rules to permit or block specific network activities. If you are looking for a more complete curated and advanced set of examples – join our Patreon community and check out

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CSI-HO-020-D – Explore Packet Analysis with Wireshark – Voice Edition – 2 Day

Post Views: 26,054 2-Day Instructor-Led Hands-On Lab CourseAvailable through Web-Based Live Delivery or On-Site DeliveryMinimum 10 Students – Maximum 16 Students What Students are saying about this class: Course Description Voice over IP problems can involve signaling, media, network performance, configuration, interoperability, or some combination of all of them. Wireshark gives technicians and engineers the

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