Knowing how to use nmap is critically important for cybersecurity professionals because it is one of the most powerful and versatile tools for network reconnaissance, security auditing, and vulnerability assessment. Nmap is to cybersecurity what a stethoscope is to a doctor—a diagnostic tool that’s fundamental to identifying issues, assessing risk, and maintaining a secure environment. […]
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In our post introducing the nmap Scripting Engine (NSE) we discuss what the nmap scripting engine is and how to use it. In this post I wanted to provide a full list of all the nmap scripts. There are (as of this writing) 612 NSE scripts and 139 NSE Libraries. The source for this information
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RFMON stands for Radio Frequency MONitor mode. It is a special mode for wireless network interfaces that allows a device to capture all radio traffic it can receive on a wireless channel, regardless of the intended recipient. All Wi-Fi radios can go into different modes, but that does not mean you can make that happen.
WlanHelper.exe is a command-line tool from the Windows Driver Kit (WDK) and the folks at nmap/npcap that is used to manipulate advanced Wi-Fi driver settings, especially for testing and development. It allows you to control wireless network adapter settings such as: Do You Already Have WlanHelper? It’s possible if you have installed Wireshark with the
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Here are several VoIP troubleshooting checklists and tools, organized by focus area to help quickly identify and resolve common issues. These checklists are especially useful for IT admins, NOC teams, and VoIP engineers. Are they “the bees knees” of troubleshooting VoIP? No. In fact, if you have feedback or comments on improving these lists, please
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This is a common and great question. Simply answered, a wider channel in Wi-Fi results in higher bandwidth and throughput because it allows more data to be transmitted simultaneously. Here’s a breakdown of why: Channel Width and Frequency Space More Subcarriers = More Data Streams More specifically, in a 20 MHz channel, there are 64
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As a frequent reader here will know, my Wi-Fi Analyzer of choice is called WinFi. It has been around many years as is fabulous. In version 2, and the new version 3, you can capture Wi-Fi Beacon Frames and examine them. This post will explain what you can capture and how this is useful. What
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PJSIP is a free, open-source multimedia communication library written in C that is used for troubleshooting VoIP. PJSIP implements standard-based protocols such as SIP, SDP, RTP, STUN, TURN, and ICE, targeting VoIP (Voice over IP) applications, including SIP signaling and media handling. You will find the project at github here. What Is the PJSIP Tool?
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This article discusses what SIP pings are, and how to use them in troubleshooting VoIP (Voice over IP) networking. A SIP ping in VoIP is a diagnostic method used to check the availability and responsiveness of a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) server or endpoint. It’s similar in concept to an ICMP ping, but it uses
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When testing the Internet, there are several key tools we use in troubleshooting: one of them is ping. To verify a particular IP address is operational we “ping 192.168.0.1” from the command line to see if we get an answer back, letting us know that the system we are pinging and the network itself is
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At our Online School of Network Science, we have created a Network Scientist Tool Belt. This completely free resource is available for you to access, learn and add software and hardware tools to troubleshoot todays networks. You will just need to set up a free account, and the link will get you there. You will
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This has been a common question I get asked over the years. Frankly, I confess that I may have answered differently depending on my mood the day I was asked!! I got asked this again recently and decided to put fingers to keyboard and answer with the plusses and minuses. My answers below apply to
Should you get Certified? Read More »
I get asked this question all the time. It is indeed a great question. I previously posted an answer to this FAQ in 2017 – you can look at that here. I often point folks who ask to that post, but they claim it is ancient history. But is it? So I decided to not
If I want to get into Networking, what should I learn in 2025? Read More »
If you are new to Ansible, I suggest you read our article that defines Ansible, and shows you how to set up an Ansible lab environment to test and learn in. You can also read my article on real world use cases for Ansible right here. One of those use cases is Compliance Testing. Let’s
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Load balancing in data networking is the process of distributing network traffic or workloads across multiple resources—such as servers, links, or devices—to: It’s commonly used in: Here is a structured list of the load balancing algorithms used in data networking, across Layer 4, Layer 7, and routing scenarios: 1. Round Robin 2. Weighted Round Robin
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